![]() Granted freedom of religion to all Christians and gave all landholders suffrage.Charles' brother, the Duke of York, was given control over the area.Peter Stuyvesant was forced to surrender. ![]() 1664, Charles II ordered military removal of the Dutch from New Netherlands. Swedish colonists were absorbed by New Netherlands.Ĥ. In 1655, a Dutch force led by Peter Stuyvesant, ended Swedish rule. Established New Sweden between 1638-1655.Swedes trespassed on Dutch lands on the Delaware River. New England was hostile to the growth of New Netherlands saw the Dutch as a threat.ģ.Ě fort was built as a defense located at today's Wall Street.Amerindians, in retaliation for Dutch violence, massacred settlers. Challenges to New Netherlands and defeat by England Intermarriage was at times a means of tapping the fur trade (French traders also intermarried for economic opportunity).ī.Intermarriage between Dutch settlers and Amerindians was not uncommon (in contrast to English settlers who rarely intermarried or had sexual relations with Amerindians or Africans). Cosmopolitan town: by the 1640s 18 different languages were spoken there After repeated protests, a semi-representative body was finally granted. ![]()
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